Even though each item on the distance ladder is only effective within a certain distance range, the concept is still effective because

A) distances are ultimately relative, and not absolute.

B)each technique produces exact distances on its own.

C)each step can be calibrated through its overlap with the previous step.

D)the distance ladder concept can be verified by looking in different wavelength ranges,

E)the time delay due to light travel time is significant enough to limit the accuracy of distance measurements anyway.

Alinearly polarized electromagnetic wave has an average intensity of 196 w/m^2. this wave is directed towards two ideal polarizers (in real polarizers, transmission is also effected by reflection and absorption). polarizer a is oriented with its transmission axis at an angle of θ_1=20.8∘ with the incident electric field. polarizer b has its axis at an angle of θ_2=63.0∘ with the incident electric field. what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer a? what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer b? suppose that the two polarizers a and b are interchanged. what would the average intensity be after passing through both polarizers?