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Which one of the following research methods can show cause and effect

On a day when the barometer reads 75.23 cm, a reaction vessel holds 250 ml of ideal gas at 20 celsius. an oil manometer ( ρ= 810 kg/m^3) reads the pressure in the vessel to be 41 cm of oil and below atmospheric pressure. what volume will the gas occupy under s.t.p.?

A10nc charge sits at a point in space where the magnitude of the electric field is 1500 n/c. what will the magnitude of the field be if the 10 nc charge is replaced by a 20 nc charge? assume the system is big enough to consider the charges as small test charges.