HELP its about volleyball

Which of the following changes to a pipe would increase the conductance by a factor of 12? 1.quadrupling the length and tripling the radius.2.reducing the length by a factor of and doubling the radius.3.tripling the length and reducing the radius by a factor of .4.reducing the length but a factor of and doubling the radius.

Edward tolman explained the results of his study by theorizing that the rats were learning about the maze during every trial but they a. were agitated because other groups were getting reinforcement b. could not remember how to demonstrate it without reinforcement c. were not motivated to demonstrate it without reinforcement d. seemed to be too lazy to actually work without reinforcement

Which lists the main components of darwin’s theory of evolution? a. random mutations drive evolution; the evolution of a population happens slowly; organisms have common ancestors; organisms do not change. b. natural selection drives evolution; the evolution of a population happens slowly; organisms have common ancestors; organisms change over time. c. natural selection drives evolution; the evolution of a population happens rapidly; organisms have common ancestors; organisms change over time. d. random mutations drive evolution; the evolution of a population happens rapidly; organisms have common ancestors; organisms do not change.