Imagine a universe in which, like in ours, there are two kinds of charges (positive and negative), with the like charges repelling and unlike charges attracting each other, but with the electric force somewhat different from Coulomb's Law. Instead of varying with inverse distance squared, the force between charges in this imagined world would vary with the inverse distance cubed. In such a universe, would the static charges still always be distributed on the surfaces of conductors?

the static charge is not always distributed on the surface of the conductor, there are also charges in the volume but of lesser magnitude

Explanation:

In this hypothetical system the electric force is of type

       F =

in this case the force decays to zero much faster,

if we call Fo the force of Coulomb's law

         F₀ =

assuming the constant k is the same

the relationship between the two forces is

        F / F₀ = 1 / r

        F = F₀ / r

when analyzing this expression the force decays much faster to zero.

In an electric conductor, charges of the same sign may not feel any repulsive force from other charges that are at a medium distance, so there is a probability that some charges are distributed in the volume of the material, this does not happen with coulomb's law

Consequently, the static charge is not always distributed on the surface of the conductor, there are also charges in the volume but of lesser magnitude

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