Bill is not only good at riding a bike with no hands, but he can also ride the bike with no hands and facing backwards while the bike goes forward. Bill is riding his bike in such a manner while playing catch with Betty who is stationary on the ground and facing Bill. Bill is on the bike (facing backwards toward Betty) and traveling away from Betty at a speed of 12.0 m/s when he throws a ball to Betty at a speed of 17.8 m/s relative to the bike. What is the velocity of the ball as measured by Betty

5.8 m/s

Explanation:

Let v = velocity of bike relative to Betty = -12.0 m/s (since the bike is moving away from betty).

u = velocity of ball relative to bike = + 17.8 m/s

and V = velocity of ball relative to Betty.

So, by Galilean relativity,

V = v + u

V = -12.0 m/s + 17.8 m/s

V = 5.8 m/s

So, the velocity of the ball as measured by Betty is 5.8 m/s

the independent variable, or the one that is intentionally manipulated is the speed.

firearm identification is the process of analyzing the bullets and cartridge cases left at a crime scene to determine if they came from a particular firearm. marks on the bullets and cartridges may be common to every firearm of that type. these are called class characteristics.