You observed that a solar powered toy moved when you shines a flashlight on it select all of the statement below that accurately explain how this happened light from the flashlight carried energy.

there was energy in the toy that was activated by the light

energy from the flashlight was absorbed by the toy

the flashlight absorbed energy from the toy.

An alpha particle with kinetic energy 12.5 mev makes a collision with lead nucleus, but it is not "aimed" at the center of the lead nucleus, and has an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude l = p0 b, where p0 is the magnitude of the initial momentum of the alpha particle and b=1.40×10−12 m. (assume that the lead nucleus remains stationary and that it may be treated as a point charge. the atomic number of lead is 82. the alpha particle is a helium nucleus, with atomic number 2.) what is the distance of closest approach?