How to calculate the average value of the indirect measurements of KE

The image shows the positions of a car on a roller coaster track. arrange the cars in order based on their gravitational potential energy. begin with the lowest potential energy and end with the highest.

Which statement is true? a. kepler's laws apply only to the motion of earth. b. kepler's laws can be used to predict eclipses. c. kepler's laws are true for a central force that is directly proportional to distance. d. kepler's laws can be deduced from newton's laws of motion and gravity.

Two polarizers are oriented at 40∘ to each other and plane-polarized light is incident on them. if only 16 percent of the light gets through both of them, what was the initial polarization direction of the incident light?