Explain the relationship between pressure and volume in gases.

What is the earliest point in the universe that we can observe? why can’t we see back further than this?

Athin plate moves between two parallel, horizontal, stationary flat surfaces at a constant velocity of v = 7.5 m/s. the two stationary surfaces are spaced 4 cm apart, and the medium between them is filled with oil whose viscosity is 0.9 n·s/m2. the part of the plate immersed in oil at any given time is 2 m long and 0.5 m wide. if the plate moves through the mid-plane between the surfaces, determine the force required to maintain this motion. what would your response be if the plate was 1 cm from the bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from the top surface (h1)? if the plate moves through the mid-plane between the surfaces, the force required to maintain the motion will be n. if the plate was 1 cm from the bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from the top (h1) surface, the force required to maintain the motion would be n.

Light that is polarized along the vertical direction is incident on a sheet of polarizing material. only 96% of the intensity of the light passes through the sheet and strikes a second sheet of polarizing material. no light passes through the second sheet. what angle does the transmission axis of the second sheet make with the vertical?