3. When a person is outside of the system and they add energy to the system, we show this energy as

We show added energy to a system as +Q or -W

Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that, in an isolated system, energy can neither be created nor be destroyed;

Energy is added to the internal energy of a system as either work energy or heat energy as follows;

ΔU = Q - W

Therefore, when energy is added as heat energy to a system, we show the energy as positive Q (+Q), when energy is added to the system in the form of work, we show the energy as minus W (-W).

c) up

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