A boy is running to the east and jumps into a stationary boat in a lake. Once the boy lands in the boat, the boat moves to the east. Which best compares the initial momentum of the boy with the final momentum of the boy/boat system?

The initial momentum of the boy is zero because the velocity cancels with the mass of the boy.
The initial momentum of the boy is greater than the boy/boat because the boy has a greater velocity than the boat.
The initial momentum of the boy is less than the boy/boat because the boy has less mass than the boat.
The initial momentum of the boy is equal to the boy/boat because the final velocity of the boat is less than the initial velocity of the boy.

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.

answer(20) psi;