A motorcycle can reach a speed of 60 mi/hr much faster than a minivan can

Newton's Second Law of motion

Explanation:

Newton's second law of motion states that 'the rate of change of the momentum of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on it.' This law applies to the given situation stating that 'a motorcycle can reach a speed of 60mph much faster than a minivan' as the smaller mass accelerates more quickly than the larger. This is because the van would require a more stopping distance as it would be difficult to decelerate due to the heavy mass. While for a motorcycle, it would be much easier to decelerate due to lesser mass. Thus, Newton's second law applies here.

diagram is missing, but i will try to explain your doubt.

answer:

amplitude is the maximum displacement or distance moved on a point of a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position.it is equal to half the length of vibration path.