Explain the conversion of energy in a roller coaster. Explain how energy is converted

Two identical stars with mass m orbit around their center of mass. each orbit is circular and has radius r, so that the two stars are always on opposite sides of the circle. (a) find the gravitational force of one star on the other. (b) find the orbital speed of each star and the period of the orbit. (c) how much energy would be required to separate the two stars to infinity?

Abatter hits a 0.140-kg baseball that was approaching him at 30 m/s and, as a result, the ball leaves the bat at 40 m/s in the reverse of its original direction. the ball remains in contact with the bat for 2.0 ms. what is the magnitude of the average force exerted by the bat on the ball?

Suppose that three astronomical objects, 1, 2, and 3 are observed to lie on a line, and the distance from object 1 to object 3 is d. object 1 has four times the mass of object 3, and seven times the mass of object 2. find the distance between objects 1 and 2 for which the net force on object 2 is zero.