How does the compass react to being away from the magnetic bar?

The simplest compass is a magnetized metal needle mounted in such a way that it can spin freely. (You can make one yourself by magnetizing an ordinary needle, placing it carefully on a slice of cork, and letting the cork float in a tray of water.) Left to its own devices, the needle turns until one end points north and the other south. You can usually figure out which end is which from the position of the Sun in the sky, remembering that the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. So if you're looking down on the floating needle at about noon, with the eye on the left and the point on the right, and the Sun in front of you, you know the point is indicating north.

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    m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = (m₁ + m₂)vmomentum is conserved.the left-hand side of the equation represents the momentum in the system before the collision.the right-hand side represents the momentum in the system after the collisionm₁ and v₁ represents the mass and the velocity of the physics blockm₂ and v₂ represents the mass and velocity of the ball of puttyv represents the final velocity of the combined mass.the question states the two masses stick together. they combined mass has its own velocity with the body mass the sum of the two objects' massestheir combined momentum is (m₁ + m₂)vto find the magitude of (m₁ + m₂)v, we need to add the vectors on the left-hand side of the equation: m₁v₁ + m₂v₂.note the diagram. i have positioned the vectors in accordance with their directions.the magnitude of the resultant can be calculated using the pythagorean theorem since this is a right triangle situation (north and west are perpendicular)|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  √[ (m₁v₁)² + (m₂v₂)² ]|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  √[ (1.5kg·8.0m/s)² + (0.40kg·20m/s)² ]|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  14.4 kg m/sfor two significant figures (assuming that 20m/s is two), this rounds to 14 kg m/s