Why is the forward biased voltage for a typical red LED so much greater than the forward biased voltage for a typical silicon diode?

This is because as we know the magnitude of a forward voltage drop depends on the material used for constructing the diode and also the magnitude of the band gap, so since LED material are generally gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide which has the higher band gap than silicon and since the higher the band gap the higher the voltage drop so LED has the greater forward voltage drop then the silicon diode

the gas collects in coils that then becomes a liquid that then flows through the coils inside the refrigerator

the working equation for the angular size is the product of the physical size and 360 degrees divided by the product of two pi and distance from earth. the minimum size would be 0.559 degrees while the maximum size would be 0.49 degrees.