Two monatomic ideal gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m. The ratio of the average molecular kinetic energy KA / KB is

= 1

Explanation: Average molecular kinetic energy for monatomic idela gases is given by:

where

R is gas constant of ideal gas

T is temperature

Which means kinetic energy depnends only on temperature.

Since gas A and gas B are at the same temperature, kinetic energy will be the same. Therefore:

= 1

Ratio of this average molecular kinetic energy is 1.

answer; (d) spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder;

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach