Which option describes a phase change

You are traveling in a car going at a constant speed of 100km/h down a long, straight highway. you pass another car going in the same direction which is traveling at a constant speed of 80km/h. as measured from your car's reference frame this other car is traveling at −20km/h. what is the acceleration of your car as measured from the other car's reference frame? what is the acceleration of the other car as measured from your car's reference frame?

At time t=0, a particle is located at the point (3,6,9). it travels in a straight line to the point (5,2,7), has speed 8 at (3,6,9) and constant acceleration 2i−4j−2k. find an equation for the position vector of the particle.

An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called an _