A booster pump on a brake system designed to be used horizontally consists of two cylinders capped by pistons connected by a hose. The cylinders and hose are filled with an incompressible fluid. The system produces a mechanical advantage of three times; that is, the output force is three times as great as the input force. If the cross-sectional area of the input piston is 4.0 in2, how large must the area of the output piston be?

The two metal spheres in the figure are connected by a metal wire with w switch in the middle. initially the switch is open. sphere 1, with the larger radius, i'd given a positive charge. sphere 2, with the smaller radius, is neutral. then the switch is closed. afterward, sphere 1 has charge q1, is at potential v1 and the electric field strength at its surface is e1. the values for sphere 2 are q2, v2, and e2. a. is v1 < ,> , or = to v2? explain. b. is q2 < , > , or = explain? c. is e1 < ,> ,or = to e2? explain?