proposal has been made to use a pair of parallel disks to measure the viscosity of a liquid sample. The upper disk rotates at height h above the lower disk. The viscosity of the liquid in the gap is to be calculated from measurements of the torque needed to turn the upper disk steadily. Assuming the velocity distribution in the gap is linear, obtain an algebraic expression for the torque needed to turn the disk. Could we use this device to measure the viscosity of a non- Newtonian fluid

In 1859, charles darwin published the first edition of on the origin of species, which explained his observations of various groups of animals that showed great similarities but minor differences. darwin concluded that if a population of one species separates into two different populations that live in separate locations, then over the course of many generations the different populations can develop into different species. this idea predicted many future biological findings and became the basis of modern biology. darwin’s explanation for why different species exist is best described as a(n) law. theory. inquiry. hypothesis.