Earth's temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet’s system. When incoming energy from the sun is absorbed by the Earth system, Earth warms. When absorbed energy is released back into space, Earth cools. Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth’s energy balance and as a result, Earth's climate. Scientists have pieced together a record of Earth’s climate, dating back hundreds of millions of years by analyzing a number of indirect measures of climate such as ice cores, tree rings, glacier lengths, pollen remains, and ocean sediments. ITEM BANK: Move to Bottom Amount of ice/snow present on EarthChanges in Earth's orbitSolar activityVolcanic particles that reach the upper atmosphere Variations in the sun's energy reaching Earth Variations in reflectivity Both

1. what is the relationship between wavelength and the penetrating power of an electromagnetic wave? a) the penetrating power has no relationship to the wavelength. b) the penetrating power increases as the wavelength increases. c) the penetrating power decreases as the wavelength increases. d) the penetrating power decreases as the wavelength decreases. 2. as ice melts and turns into water, the speed of sound through the material would most likely do what? justify your answer. a) the speed would not change because the material is always water. b) the speed of sound would increase because the density of water is less than that of ice. c) the speed of sound would increase because energy is added to ice in order to make it melt. d) the speed of sound would decrease because sound travels faster through solids than liquids. 3.which of these waves need a medium to travel through? a) sound b) x-rays c) infrared rays d) visible light