What's the difference between a direct relationship and a positive one?

What happens to light waves from a star as the star moves away from earth?

Athin nonconducting rod with a uniform distribution of positive charge q is bent into a circle of radius r. the central perpendicular axis through the ring is a z-axis, with the origin at the center of the ring. a) what is the magnitude of the electric field due to the rod at z = 0? n/c (b) what is the magnitude of the electric field due to the rod at z = infinity? n/c (c) in terms of r, at what positive value of z is that magnitude maximum? r (d) if r = 4.00 cm and q = 9.00 µc, what is the maximum magnitude? n/c

In a game of pool, ball a is moving with a velocity v0 of magnitude v0 = 15 ft/s when it strikes balls b and c, which are at rest and aligned as shown. knowing that after the collision the three balls move in the directions indicated and assuming frictionless surfaces and perfectly elastic impact (that is, conservation of energy), determine the magnitudes of the velocities va, vb, and vc.