The hummingbird shown here must beat its wings repeatedly to hover over flowers and drink nectar. What force does the beating of the hummingbird’s wings overcome?

your answer would be fusion

it's when something is going so fast it makes a loud noise, breaking the sound barrier, for example: a jet makes a loud noise, not only cause of the jet but because they reached a point where they went so fast that you can year the noise from various parts, kinda like a police car, lets say the car was going   so fast that you hear the siren of the cop car right next to you, but the car is probably a mile a way, it's cos the siren was next to you a few seconds if you understand me

3. dark matter

empty space could also be a simple vacuum