A 63 kg astronaut is on a spacewalk when the line to the shuttle breaks. The astronaut is able to throw a spare 10 kg oxygen tank in a direction away from the shuttle with a speed of 12 m/s, propelling the astronaut back to the shuttle. Assuming the astronaut starts from rest, find the astronaut’s final speed after the tank is thrown.

How is coal extracted from mountaintop removal mines? a. dynamite is used to create underground tunnels where miners go to extract the coal. b. dynamite is used to break apart rocks and then draglines are used to remove the broken rock and reach the coal. c. coal in mountaintops is extracted by digging strips in the landscape to reach the coal. d. placer deposits in mountain river bottoms are removed by