Asteroid Toutatis passed near Earth in 1988 at forty-five times the distance to our Moon. If it has a mass of 5.0 ✕ 1013 kg, what force (in N) did it exert on Earth at its closest approach in 1988? (Enter the magnitude.)

The number of passengers who arrive at the platform of a subway station for the 10 am train is a random variable with a mean of 120 and a variance of 16. find the lower bound of the probability that there will be between 100 and 140 passengers (round off to second decimal place).