2. A tiny pig is dropped from the top of a building and lands safely on a trampoline. The tiny pig will have

an increase in what type(s) of energy as it falls?

a. Gravity

b. Potential energy

c. Kinetic energy

d. All of the above

c. Kinetic energy

Explanation:

The two types of energy involved in this problem are:

- Potential energy: it is the energy possessed by an object due to its position. It is calculated as

where

m is the mass of the object

g is the acceleration due to gravity

h is the height of the object relative to the ground

From the formula, we see that the higher the object is above the ground (higher h), the larger the potential energy of the object. In this problem, the pig is falling down, so the value of h is decreasing, therefore the potential energy is decreasing as well.

- Kinetic energy: it is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. It is given by:

where

m is the mass of the object

v is its speed

In this problem, as the pig falls down, it accelerates, so its speed increases: since the kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the speed, as the speed increases, its kinetic energy increases too. So, the correct answer is

c. Kinetic energy

we need to know the time interval during which the force acts. impulse of force = momentum change