Two identical, unlabeled boxes are transported to an orbiting space station. The astronauts know that one box is filled with a light sample of ants for an experiment, and the other is filled with heavy tools for repairs. How can the astronauts tell, without opening the boxes, which box has the tools

By applying force on each box

Explanation:

According to Newton second law of motion, the acceleration of object depends on force applied on the object and mass of the object.

    F=ma

The box containing heavy tools for repair require greater force to accelerate them when compared to the box containing ants for an experiments.

The box with tools will be heavy to move.

in simple terms, the principle states that the buoyancy force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, or the density of the fluid multiplied by the submerged volume times the gravitational acceleration, g. this is also known as upthrust.

answer;

d. are made mostly of liquid

explanation;

-the general   composition and structure planets includes; they have a thick gas and liquid layer covering a small,solid core. mostly the gases are hydrogen and helium atmosphere and layers of liquid hydrogen. for instance neptune and uranus are examples of the outer planets, they have a core covered by ice and ammonia.

-neptune's atmosphere is hydrogen and helium with a bit of methane so there is no oxygen to breath and the interior is made up of frozen water and ammonia with a rock and iron core. thus, there is no liquid water or solid surface to survive.