A 22-turn circular coil of wire has diameter 1.02 m. It is placed with its axis along the direction of the Earth's magnetic field of 47.0 µT and then in 0.200 s is flipped 180°. An average emf of what magnitude is generated in the coil?

ξ = 0.00845020162 V or 8.4 mV

Explanation:

Magnetic flux measures the total magnetic field that passes through a known area. Magnetic flux describe the effect of magnetic field in a given area. Mathematically,

magnetic flux (Ф) = BA cos ∅

where

A = test area

B = magnetic field

before the flip

Ф = Bπr²N

N = number of turn

magnitude of induced emf = N |ΔФ/Δt|

ξ  = 2Nπr²B/dt

ξ  = 2 × 22 × π × (1.02/2)² × 0.000047/0.2

ξ = 44 × π × 0.51² × 0.000047/0.2

ξ = 44 × π × 0.2601  × 0.000047/0.2

ξ = 0.0005378868  × 3.142/0.2

ξ = 0.00169004032/0.2

ξ = 0.00845020162 V or 8.4 mV

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speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.