The rock in the picture is pushed over the edge and it begins to fall. Which type of energy conversion is taking place?

Conversion from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy

Explanation:

The two energies involved in the fall of the rock are:

- The Gravitational potential energy (GPE), which is the energy possessed by the rock due to its location. It is given by:

where:

m is the mass of the rock

g is the acceleration of gravity

h is the height of the rock relative the ground

- The Kinetic energy (KE): it is the energy possessed by the rock due to its motion. It is given by:

where:

m is the mass of the rock

v is the speed of the rock

At the beginning, the rock is on top of the cliff, so it has only GPE (because its height h is different from zero), while its KE is zero because it is at rest (so, the speed is zero).

As the rock falls down, the GPE decreases (because the height h decreases), while its KE increases (because the speed increases).

Therefore: during the fall, the energy is converted from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy.

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