The first law of thermodynamics includes all the following except A) The total energy of the universe is constant B) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed C) Energy can be transferred or transformed D) Entropy increases in the universe with every energy transfer or transformation.

D

Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics has nothing to to with the measure of uncertainty or randomness (i.e entropy) in a system.

Thus option D ( Entropy increases in the universe with every energy transfer or transformation) is out of it.

Instead, the second law of thermodynamics considers entropy to always increase in an isolated system.

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the rearrangement of particles in a physical change. hope this