The velocity selector in in a mass spectrometer consists of a uniform magnetic field oriented at 90 degrees to a uniform electric field so that a charge particle entering the region perpendicular to both fields will experience an electric force and a magnetic force that are oppositely directed. If the uniform magnetic field has a magnitude of 11.9 ~\text{mT}11.9 mT, then calculate the magnitude of the electric field that will cause a proton entering the velocity selector at 25.325.3 km/s to be undeflected. Give your answer in units of kV/m.

Ahot-air balloon is drifting straight downward with a constant speed of 2.40 m/s. when the balloon is 7.63 m above the ground, the balloonist decides to drop one of the ballast sandbags to the ground below. how much time elapses before the sandbag hits the ground?

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

Consider a 1000 w iron whose base plate is made of 0.5 cm thick aluminum alloy 2024-t6 (ρ = 2770 kg/m3 and cp = 875 j/kg°c). the base plate has a surface area of 0.03 m2. initially, the iron is in thermal equilibrium with the ambient air at 22°c. assuming 90% of the heat generated in the resistance wires is transferred to the plate, determine the minimum time needed for the plate temperature to reach 200°c.