A charge of 28.0 nC is placed in a uniform electric field that is directed vertically upward and that has a magnitude of What work is done by the electric force when the charge moves (a) 0.450 m to the right; (b) 0.670 m upward; (c) 2.60 m at an angle of 45.0° downward from the horizontal?

Explanation:

The charge of 28.0 nC is placed in the uniform electric field of strength E ( say )

( a ) The work done on the charge when it moves o.45 m to the right direction is zero . Because the force due to uniform field is = q E . Which remains the same at all points .

( b )  The work done by the field is zero , because it is uniform .

( c ) Similarly it is zero for this case also .

Thus the work can not be done unless there is variation in the field .

-first use of geothermal energy occurred more than 10,000 years ago in north america by american paleo-indians

-the first industrial use of geothermal energy began near pisa, italy in late 18th century

-in 1904, italian scientist piero ginori conti invented the first geothermal electric power plant in which steam was used to generate the power

-with the above experiment, the first geothermal plant in usa started in 1922 with a capacity of 250 kilowatts

-however, in 1946 first ground-source geothermal heat pump installed at commonwealth building in portland, oregon

-during the 1960’s, pacific gas and electric began operation of first large scale geothermal power plant in san francisco, producing 11 megawatts

-in 1973, when oil crisis began many countries began looking for renewable energy sources and by 1980’s geothermal heat pumps (ghp) started gaining popularity in order to reduce heating and cooling costs

-as effect of climate change started showing results, governments of various countries joined hands to fight against it, for which kyoto protocol was signed in japan in 1997, laid out emission targets for rich countries and required that they transfer funds and technology to developing countries, 184 countries have ratified it

hope this

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach