An electron and a proton are released in a region of space where the electrical field is vertically downward. How do the elctric forces acting on the electron and proton compare?

By direction of electric force, we can compare the electric force on electron and proton.

Explanation:

Electric force defined as the force experienced by two charge particles. It can also be defined as force experienced by the charge particle in the presence of electric field. Electric force can be positive or negative.

The relation between Electric field and Electric force is:

F = q E        (1)

Here F is electric force, E is electric field and q is the charge on the particle.

From equation (1), we say that electric force depends upon the charge of the particle and strength of electric field in the region of space.

We know that electron and proton both have same magnitude of charge but opposite to each other. Electron is negatively charge while proton is positively charge.

According to the problem, Electric field acts in the downward direction. Let downward direction as negative. As proton and electron are in the same strength of magnetic field and having same charge but opposite. Thus, they both experience same electric force but in opposite direction.

For proton, F = -q E

For electron, F = q E

For proton, the electric force acts in the downward direction while for electron, the electric force in the upward direction. By direction of electric force, we can compare the electric force on electron and proton.

here we know that ball will drop down by total distance 3.2 m

so here we know that

now using kinematics

now in the same time it will cover horizontal distance of 0.75 m

so speed of the ball will be

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.