2- A DC/DC converter is needed to be designed for an electric vehicle. The DC/DC converter should convert the voltage from the battery pack at 48 V to supply the 12 V loads (Radio, horn, accessories, etc..). The load needs an output current of 5 A. (Hint: the load can be represented as a resistance). a) Draw a schematic of the DC/DC converter that you suggest for this application. b) Specify the duty ratio of the converter. c) Suggest a switching frequency of the converter. d) Design the switching inductor such that the current is continuous and the inductor current ripple is less than 30% of the average inductor current. e) Design the output capacitor such that the output voltage ripple is less than 5%. f) What are the peak voltage and current values of your switches (Mosfet and Diode)

Search coils and credit cards. one practical way to measure magnetic field strength uses a small, closely wound coil called a search coil. the coil is initially held with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field. the coil is then either quickly rotated a quarter-turn about a diameter or quickly pulled out of the field. (a) derive the equation relating the total charge q that flows through a search coil to the magnetic-field magnitude b. the search coil has n turns, each with area a, and the flux through the coil is decreased from its initial maximum value to zero in a time ∆t. the resistance of the coil is r, and the total charge is q = i∆t, where i is the average current induced by the change in flux. (b) in a credit card reader, the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card is rapidly “swiped” past a coil within the reader. explain, using the same ideas that underlie the operation of a search coil, how the reader can decode the information stored in the pattern of magnetization on the strip. (c) is it necessary that the credit card be “swiped” through the reader at exactly the right speed? why or why not?

If a simple machine reduces the strength of a force, what must be increased?

Iron is a transition metal with multiple oxidation numbers. (answer the following) a. what is the iron (ii) ion? how does it differ from the iron (iii) ion? b. if iron were to bond with oxygen, predict the formula for each oxidation number of iron. c. how would each formula be named?