Astrology, that unlikely and vague pseudoscience, makes much of the position of the planets at the moment of birth. The only known force a planet exerts on Earth is gravitational. (a) Calculate the magnitude, in N, of the gravitational force exerted on a 3.00 kg baby by a 90 kg father 0.150 m away at birth (assisting so he is close). N (b) Calculate the magnitude, in N, of the force on the baby due to Jupiter if it is at its closest to the Earth, some 6.29 ✕ 1011 m away, showing it to be comparable to that of the father. The mass of Jupiter is about 1.90 ✕ 1027 kg. Other objects in the room and the hospital building also exert similar gravitational forces.

Explanation:

The force of attracting between two masses are given as

F=GM1M2/r²

Mass of boy M1=3kg

Mass of Father M2=90kg

distance apart r=0.15m

Gravitational constant

G=6.67×10-¹¹Nm²/kg²

F=6.67×10-¹¹×3×10/0.15²

F=8.8933×10^-8N

b. The force between the baby and Jupiter

Mass of Jupiter M1=1.9×10^27kg

Mass of baby M2=3kg

Distance apart (r)=6.29×10¹¹m.

F=GM1M2/r²

F=6.67×10-¹¹×3×1.9×10^27/(6.29×10¹¹)²

F=9.61×10^-7N

The force of attraction is higher compare to the force of attraction of the father and baby

The ratio of the comparison

F/F=9.61E-7/8.8933E-8

The force of gravity due to Jupiter is greater than that of the father by a factor of 10.8

  distance on the y-axis and time on the x-axis.

explanation:

the instantaneous velocity = change in position/time taken

the slope of the graph should give instantaneous velocity.

  slope of a graph = change in value of y -axis / change in values of x -axis

  comparing both the equations

    change in value of y -axis = change in position

  change in values of x -axis = time taken

so position values should be on the y axis and time values should be on the x axis.

distance on the y-axis and time on the x-axis.

speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.