Achair is at rest on the floor. the chair absorbs thermal energy from the floor, and begins moving spontaneously with kinetic energy equal to the thermal energy absorbed. this process violates
a- both the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamicsb- only the 1st law of thermodynamicsc- neither the 1st nor the 2nd law of thermodynamicsd- only the 2nd law of thermodynamics

D- Only the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Explanation:

It violates 2nd law because according to 2nd law of thermodynamics, it is impossible that the sole result of a process is is to absorb energy and do equivalent amount of work. so some heat must lose to surrounding which is not specified here. so it violates 2nd law.

so option D is correct

this allows people to make the best decision or pursue the best option. when alternatives are weighed using their advantages and disadvantages, the option whose disadvantages outweigh the advantages (based on a qualitative or quantitative analysis) are shunned while those whose advantages outweigh their disadvantages are pursued.  

it is called kinetic energy