White light, with a uniform intensity across the visible wavelength range, is perpendicularly incident on a film of water (index of refraction 1.33 and thickness 320 nm) that is suspended in air. at what wavelength (in nm) is the light reflected by the film brightest to an observer?

The intensity of a polarized electromagnetic wave is 12 w/m^2. part a) what will be the intensity after passing through a polarizing filter whose axis makes the angle θ=0∘ with the plane of polarization? part b) what will be the intensity after passing through a polarizing filter whose axis makes the angle θ=30∘ with the plane of polarization? part c) what will be the intensity after passing through a polarizing filter whose axis makes the angle θ=45∘ with the plane of polarization? part d) what will be the intensity after passing through a polarizing filter whose axis makes the angle θ=60∘ with the plane of polarization? part e) what will be the intensity after passing through a polarizing filter whose axis makes the angle θ=90∘ with the plane of polarization?

In an experiment, how can i change human errors? be specific.

Does heating a metal wire increase or decrease its electrical resistance? why?