When is a circuit considered a close circuit

Awheel rotates without friction about a stationary horizontal axis at the center of the wheel. a constant tangential force equal to 82.0 n is applied to the rim of the wheel. the wheel has radius 0.150 m . starting from rest, the wheel has an angular speed of 12.8 rev/s after 3.88 s. what is the moment of inertia of the wheel?

The magnetic field inside a superconducting solenoid is 4.50 t. the solenoid has an inner diameter of 6.20 cm and a length of 26.0 cm. determine (a) the magnetic energy density in the field and (b) the energy stored in the magnetic field within the solenoid.

What sort of waves exhibit the doppler effect?