Regrine falcons frequently grab prey birds from the air. sometimes they strike at high enough speeds that the force of the impact disables prey birds. a 480 g peregrine falcon high in the sky spies a 240 g pigeon some distance below. the falcon slows to a near stop, then goes into a dive--called a stoop--and picks up speed as she falls. the falcon reaches a vertical speed of 45 m/s before striking the pigeon, which we can assume is stationary. the falcon strikes the pigeon and grabs it in her talons. the collision between the birds lasts 0.015 s.

Answers:

a) 30 m/s

b) 480 N

Explanation:

The rest of the question is written below:

a. What is the final speed of the falcon and pigeon?

b. What is the average force on the pigeon during the impact?

This part can be solved by the Conservation of linear momentum principle, which establishes the initial momentum before the collision must be equal to the final momentum after the collision:

(1)

Being:

Where:

the mas of the peregrine falcon

the initial speed of the falcon

is the mass of the pigeon

the initial speed of the pigeon (at rest)

the final speed of the system falcon-pigeon

Then:

(2)

Finding :

(3)

(4)

(5) This is the final speed

In this part we will use the following equation:

(6)

Where:

is the force exerted on the pigeon

is the time

is the pigeon's change in momentum

Then:

(7)

(8) Since

Substituting (8) in (6):

(9)

(10)

Finally:

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explanation:

air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.