If you jump from a height of only 2m above the ground and land without bending your legs, the bones in your lower legs will break due to the compression they experience.

the tensile strength of bone is 100 x 106 n/m², and the total cross-sectional area of the bones in your lower legs is 50 mm².

(a) calculate the force that needs to be applied to the lower leg bones before they break.

(b) the bones in the lower leg are approximately 40 cm long. use the stress-strain
relationship to estimate how much the bones are compressed as they reach breaking
point. the young's modulus of bone is 1.6 x 1010 n/m². (8 points)

(a) 5000 N

(b) 0.25 cm

Explanation:

(a)

Tensile strength is given by where F is force and A is area

F=Area* Tensile strength

Therefore, F=5000 N

(b)

Young’s modulus,

where is elongation and l is original length

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

the duration of a photographic flash is related to an rc time constant, which is 0.100 μs for a certain camera.