What is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?
- activation energy from the environment is required for every energy transfer.
- energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be transferred.
- if there is an entropy decrease in the universe, there must be an increase in the entropy of a system.
- increases in the entropy of the universe are the result of chemical reactions.

Increase in the entropy of the universe are the result of chemical reactions

Explanation:

The second law tells about the quality of energy such that any isolated system tends to become more disordered. Any natural Process occurring on its own is irreversible and entropy is increasing for that process.  

The entropy of the Universe is increasing which is the result of chemical reactions. Any chemical reaction which increases the number of gas molecules will generate more entropy. Entropy in simple meaning is the order of randomness.

relativism, roughly put, is the view that truth and falsity, right and wrong, standards of reasoning, and procedures of justification are products of differing conventions and frameworks of assessment and that their authority is confined to the context giving rise to them. more precisely, “relativism” covers views which maintain that—at a high level of abstraction—at least some class of things have the properties they have (e.g., beautiful, morally good, epistemically justified) not simpliciter, but only relative to a given framework of assessment (e.g., local cultural norms, individual standards), and correspondingly, that the truth of claims attributing these properties holds only once the relevant framework of assessment is specified or supplied. relativists characteristically insist, furthermore, that if something is only relatively so, then there can be no framework-independent vantage point from which the matter of whether the thing in question is so can be established.

relativism has been, in its various guises, both one of the most popular and most reviled philosophical doctrines of our time. defenders see it as a harbinger of tolerance and the only ethical and epistemic stance worthy of the open-minded and tolerant. detractors dismiss it for its alleged incoherence and uncritical intellectual permissiveness. debates about relativism permeate the whole spectrum of philosophical sub-disciplines. from ethics to epistemology, science to religion, political theory to ontology, theories of meaning and even logic, philosophy has felt the need to respond to this heady and seemingly subversive idea. discussions of relativism often also invoke considerations relevant to the very nature and methodology of philosophy and to the division between the so-called “analytic and continental” camps in philosophy. and yet, despite a long history of debate going back to plato and an increasingly large body of writing, it is still difficult to come to an agreed definition of what, at its core, relativism is, and what philosophical import it has. this entry attempts to provide a broad account of the many ways in which “relativism” has been defined, explained, defended and criticized.

explanation:

another example of kinetic energy would be,

kinetic energy   >     moving energy

answer   >   letter choice (c),   a hammer falling off a table.

hope that !                                         : )