The second law of thermodynamics states that a. all systems move toward increased entropy. b. new energy is available in all systems. c. in an energy conversion, no energy is lost. d. matter can be neither created nor destroyed. e. velocity increases as a dropped object nears the earth’s surface.

a. all systems move toward increased entropy

Explanation:

According to the second law of thermodynamics, in an isolated system the total entropy can never decrease over time. The entropy may remain constant under ideal conditions but can never decrease.

For closed system reversible process

Where,

ds = Change in Entropy

= Change in heat

T = Temperature

For closed system irreversible process

For quasistatic irreversible process without composition change