In order to catch a ball, a baseball player extends the hand forward before impact with the ball and then lets it ride backward in the direction of the ball's motion upon impact. doing this reduces the force of impact on the player's hand principally becaus

time of impact is increased

Explanation:

Whenever there is an interaction between two bodies, and at least one of them is moving, or acquiring movement, determining the amount of movement and momentum is important for studying the impact that the interaction between these two bodies will generate.

In any clash between two or more bodies, if we consider the system composed solely of them - therefore, without the existence of forces outside the system - there will always be the conservation of the amount of motion. We can consider this shock as an impact between two bodies and use as an example the impact between a baseball player's hand and the ball. To catch a ball, a baseball player extends his hand forward before impact with the ball and then lets it back in the direction of ball movement after impact. This reduces the force of impact on the player's hand, mainly because impact time is increased.

what is the question because that is not a question.

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.