Monochromatic light of wavelength λ=136.8μ m is shone at normal incidence through a thin film of thickness t resting atop a fully reflective surface. the film has an index of refraction of nfilm=19. what is the smallest thickness t (in hm) the film could have to get constructive interference?

1.8 × 10⁻⁸ Hm

Explanation:

Given that:

The refractive index of the film = 19

The wavelength of the light = 136.8 μ m

The thickness can be calculated by using the formula shown below as:

Where, n is the refractive index of the film

is the wavelength

So, thickness is:

Thickness = 1.8 μ m

Since,

1 μ m = 10⁻⁸ Hm

So,

Thickness = 1.8 × 10⁻⁸ Hm

hi there!

your question asks at which segment does freezing occur.

since we're talking about water, the freezing point of water will be 32 degrees fahrenheit or below.

hope this ! ~

answer;

d. are made mostly of liquid

explanation;

-the general   composition and structure planets includes; they have a thick gas and liquid layer covering a small,solid core. mostly the gases are hydrogen and helium atmosphere and layers of liquid hydrogen. for instance neptune and uranus are examples of the outer planets, they have a core covered by ice and ammonia.

-neptune's atmosphere is hydrogen and helium with a bit of methane so there is no oxygen to breath and the interior is made up of frozen water and ammonia with a rock and iron core. thus, there is no liquid water or solid surface to survive.