If there is an object in top of another object, why does the upper object exert a downward normal force?

Aplane flies a distance d from west to east at a constant speed vp , with respect to the air in a time twe . on the return trip, the plane flies a distance d from east to west at a constant speed vp , with respect to the air in a time tew . on both trips the wind blows from west to east at a constant speed va , with respect to the ground 1) what is tew in terms of vp, va, and d, as needed? tew=dvp tew=dvp+va tew=dva tew=dvpâ’va tew=12dvp tew=12dvp+va tew=12dvpâ’va your submissions: b submitted: saturday, january 26 at 6: 49 pm feedback: feedback will be given once all questions have been attempted and the grade cluster button has been pressed. 2) what is twe in terms of vp, va, and d, as needed? twe=dvp twe=dvp+va twe=dva twe=dvpâ’va twe=12dvp twe=12dvp+va twe=12dvpâ’va your submissions: d submitted: saturday, january 26 at 6: 49 pm feedback: feedback will be given once all questions have been attempted and the grade cluster button has been pressed. 3) assuming d = 2300 miles, vp = 400 miles/hr, and twe = 4 hours, what is va, the speed of the wind with respect to the ground? va = 100 miles/hr va = 575 miles/hr va = 200 miles/hr va = 175 miles/hr va = 975 miles/hr 4) once again, assuming d = 2300 miles, vp = 400 miles/hr, and twe = 4 hours, what is tew, the time it takes the plane to fly a distance d miles from east to west? tew = 5.75 hours tew = 11.5 hours tew = 7.67 hours tew = 8 hours tew = 10.2 hours

Search coils and credit cards. one practical way to measure magnetic field strength uses a small, closely wound coil called a search coil. the coil is initially held with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field. the coil is then either quickly rotated a quarter-turn about a diameter or quickly pulled out of the field. (a) derive the equation relating the total charge q that flows through a search coil to the magnetic-field magnitude b. the search coil has n turns, each with area a, and the flux through the coil is decreased from its initial maximum value to zero in a time ∆t. the resistance of the coil is r, and the total charge is q = i∆t, where i is the average current induced by the change in flux. (b) in a credit card reader, the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card is rapidly “swiped” past a coil within the reader. explain, using the same ideas that underlie the operation of a search coil, how the reader can decode the information stored in the pattern of magnetization on the strip. (c) is it necessary that the credit card be “swiped” through the reader at exactly the right speed? why or why not?

Adolphin emits ultrasound at 100khz and uses the timing of reflections to determine the position of objects in the water. part a what is the wavelength of this ultrasound? assume that temperature of water is 20 degrees c. answer in cm