Assume that in the second harmonic generation (shg) crystal the difference between the index of refraction at fundamental frequency nw1 (l=1.064 mm) and at the second harmonic frequency nw2 is equal to 10-4.
what is the optimal length of the second harmonic crystal [cm]?

An atom that has fewer electrons that protons is called a positive ion.

Answer:   [a]:   "slate" .

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.

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