How would a small bar magnet be oriented when placed at position x?

The answer is D.

The shapes of the magnetic field lines of a bar magnet are closed. By convention, the direction of the field is taken out of the north pole and entering through the south pole of the magnet.

D

Explanation:

As per the convention the Magnetic field lines starts from the North pole. As can be seen the diagram the magnetic field is closed and as per the direction of field lines, right side of the magnet will be North pole and left side will be south pole. When one will keep a magnet at X, it will align itself with the magnetic field of the magnet. Since opposite poles attract, the magnet will align as per the orientation shown in option D.

a electromagnetic waves