Divers found two substances on the bottom of the ocean. at room temperature, both substances are liquid. scientists then transferred the same amount of energy out of both substances. when a scientist checked again, substance 1 had changed phase, but substance 2 had not. how are substances 1 and 2 different?

They have different melting points

Hello there!

You know that both substances are liquid at room temperature.

After the scientists transferred the same amount of energy to both substances (this is equivalent to heating them by the same amount), one of them changed phase and the other not.

when you give energy to a liquid, or heat in this case, the next phase is the gas. The fact that substance 1 changed of phase and substance 2 don't, means that substance one has a smaller vaporization point, which means that requires less energy in order to go from the liquid phase to the gas phase (the substance 1 does the transition at a smaller temperature than the substance 2).

you'd use the equation that establishes a relationship between  energy  and  wavelength, which looks like this

e=h⋅cλ, where

λ  - the wavelength of the photon; c  - the speed of light, usually given as  3⋅108m/s; h  -  planck's constant, equal to  6.626⋅10−34j s

plug the value you were given for the energy of the photon in the above equation to get the wavelength

e=h⋅cλ⇒λ=h⋅ce

λ=6.626⋅10−34js⋅3⋅108ms−1.257⋅10−24j=1.581⋅10−1m