How old are the stars in an irregular galaxy?

When you turn on a battery-operated device, an electrical circuit is

During the experiment if you could triple the breakaway magnetic force with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new value for the critical velocity if it was v0 (initial velocity), initially? (b) now if you halved the radius with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new critical velocity if it was v0 (initial velocity), initially? (c) if during the experiment, critical velocity quadrupled with all other quantities left unchanged, what is the new breakaway force if its magnitude was initially f0,?

Nitrogen (n2) undergoes an internally reversible process from 6 bar, 247°c during which pν1.2 = constant. the initial volume is 0.1 m3 and the work for the process is 121.14 kj. assuming ideal gas behavior, and neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine heat transfer, in kj, and the entropy change, in kj/s. show the process on a t-s diagram.