An experiment is designed to test the relationship between the initial height of a basketball before it is dropped to the height of its rebound bounce. the height of the rebound bounce is measured using a scale positioned behind the ball. in the above experiment, which factor is the dependent variable? the type of ball used the height from which the ball is released the height to which the ball rebounds the type of floor surface used

In this case we are going  to establish a relation between

a) Initial height of a basketball before dropping

b) Height of ball's rebound bounce

If we look at these two variables it can be easily interpreted that the "Height of rebound bounce" depends on the "Initial height of the ball before dropping". The higher the "Initial height of the ball before dropping", the higher will be the "Height of rebound bounce"

Thus it can be said that the dependent variable is the "Height of rebound bounce"

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.