Research suggests that depriving people of sleep can cause emotional overreactions to threatening situations. a. nrem 1 b. slow-wave c. paradoxical d. nrem 2

Research suggests that depriving people of NREM sleep can cause emotional overreactions to threatening situations. Non-rapid eye movement sleep is combined sleep steps which are 1–3, earlier identified as stages 1–4.

Rapid eye movement sleep is not involved. There are different electro encephalographic and other features observed in every step. There is normally light or no eye movement throughout these stages.  

the independent variable, the one that is intentionally manipulated, is whether or not the car hits the barrier.

the dependent variable, the one that you measure the response in, is the distance that the washers travel.