Kepler's first law states that a. the square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit. b. the square of the orbital period of a planet is indirectly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit. c. planetary orbits are elliptical in shape. d. planets remain at a constant distance from the sun.

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or , energy can be from one substance to another. the first blank is ' destroyed ' and for the second blank is ' transferred '

30 points - when can a theory be modified if a new type of technology allows for new observations that raise new questions? a. immediately, while the questions about the theory are being asked b. after new hypotheses related to the theory are tested in experiments c. only after the new observations disprove all parts of the theory d. while scientists begin to think about how the theory could improve

An ice-making machine inside a refrigerator operates in a carnot cycle. it takes heat from liquid water at 0.0 degrees celsius and rejects heat to a room at a temperature of 19.2 degrees celsius. suppose that liquid water with a mass of 76.3kg at 0.0 degrees celsius is converted to ice at the same temperature. take the heat of fusion for water to be l_f = 3.34*10^5 j/kg.how much energy e must be supplied to the device? express your answer in joules.